Epigenetics
نویسنده
چکیده
By the time the reader reaches Chapter 20, which focuses specifically on cancer, the mechanisms and symptoms of cancer are relatively easy to understand. Chapter 20 covers topics such as the cellular phenotypes of cancer, genes linked to cancer, and cancer treatment. While the primary literature citations at the end of the chapter will provide good starting points for the curious student, a more in-depth presentation of cancer biology is likely available in textbooks such as The Biology of Cancer by Weinberg or Molecular Biology of Cancer: Mechanisms , Targets, and Therapeutics by Pecorino. Undergraduate students are clearly the primary audience for Molecular Biology of the Cell. As the reader is presumed to have background knowledge from most introductory biology and chemistry courses, it functions ideally as a textbook for mid-level university cell biology courses. The book also can be an excellent independent resource outside of the classroom setting, making it useful for bioscientists at different stages of their careers. The massive Problems Book may be extremely valuable to teachers because it comprises an impressive number of problems of different types including definition, true/false, calculations, and thought problems, which can be adopted by teachers with different styles or goals. The book's pacing is fast, and it covers many subjects. For some instructors, this textbook may be a trap, insofar as there is a temptation to cover the entire contents of it in a one-semester class. The structure of the main text, which includes large blocks of system descriptions without any calculation, question, or sample problem could promote a memorization approach by students. Supplementing lectures and readings with questions from the Problems Book may alleviate this potential pitfall as well. There are few authors who condense fields and systems as effectively as Alberts and colleagues, and simplifying research into accessible kernels of knowledge without excluding pertinent or interesting details is extremely difficult. Yet, the Molecular Biology of the Cell series of textbooks succeeds on many levels, and the newest edition follows this tradition. Ultimately, Molecular Biology of the Cell, Sixth Edition , and the accompanying Problems Book are excellent resources, improving upon earlier editions with updated content that reflects recent research advances. It is no surprise that it is one of the most widely used cell biology textbooks in the country. Epigenetics, the study of heritable, reversible changes in gene function that do not result from altering the underlying gene sequence, …
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Role of Epigenetics in Biology and Human Diseases
For a long time, scientists have tried to describe disorders just by genetic or environmental factors. However, the role of epigenetics in human diseases has been considered from a half of century ago. In the last decade, this subject has attracted many interests, especially in complicated disorders such as behavior plasticity, memory, cancer, autoimmune disease, and addiction as well as neurod...
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Cancer is caused by aberrant genetic and epigenetic changes in genes expression. DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs gene deregulation are the most known epigenetic changes in different stages of cancer. Since every tumor has its own specific epigenome, any abnormal pattern is a potential biomarker for classification of different types of tumors. Despite, tumorigenesis, abnorma...
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a third most common epithelial carcinoma. CRC is known to develop from the early precancerous lesion to full blown malignancy via definite phases due to cumulative mutations and aberrant methylation of number of genes. The use of serum biomarkers that is non-invasive to discriminate cancer patients from healthy persons will prove to be an important tool to improve the...
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Differentiation is an epigenetic process which is installed by changes of transcriptional programs over successive cellular divisions. A number of studies have reported the effects of biochemical modifications of chromatin (DNA and chromatin proteins) on the regulation of transcription. Although, these studies are able to explain how transcription of a given gene is regulated (toward activation...
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Background: Type II diabetes is a chronic inflammatory condition that is associated with a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Tumor necrosis factor alpha or TNF-α as an adipocyte cytokine, which affects the signaling pathway of insulin, can contribute to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients. Considering the importance of epigenetic changes in multifactorial diseases, th...
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